Native American Indian Food Sources

Plains Indian women gathered edible roots and berries such as chokecherries and saskatoons whenever they were available but the main source of food came from hunting, especially from the buffalo. The Plains Cree and Ojibwa added often fish to their diet, but fish was unimportant elsewhere on the Plains. Animal-skin disguises were used to get close enough to the game for the effective use of bows and arrows. Buffalo herds were driven into pounds or corrals and killed, or were stampeded over steep cliffs . While acquisition of the horse greatly facilitated buffalo hunting, muzzle loading guns proved often inferior to bow and arrows, which were given up only after shorter breech loaders were introduced by the 1860s.
When men hunted, women were busy processing the results of this activity, particularly in preserving through drying meat. Some meat was cooked and eaten immediately, but most was sliced and sun-dried for the winter, or ground and mixed with fat and berries to make pemmican. Buffalo hides were used for robes, tent covers, moccasins and shields; tools and utensils were made of the bison's horns, hooves, hair, tail, bones and sinew; buffalo dung was used as a fuel on the treeless plains. Skins of antelope, deer and elk were preferred in the manufacture of clothing.. breechclout, leggings and shirts for men, long dresses and leggings for women.
Cooking in a teepee

Native American Heritage Beans
Open Pollinated Seeds - Produced in Manitoba
You can save your own seeds from the best specimens and sow them again.

Arikara Yellow
A very historic bush bean that helped sustain the Lewis and Clark expedition through the winter of 1805 at Fort Mandan! Lewis obtained seeds from the Arikara Indians and brought seeds to Thomas Jefferson and in 1809 Jefferson planted the Arikara bean at Monticello. Bernard McMahon also offered it in his 1815 catalogue. The pods can be harvested very young as snaps but this bean is best used in the dry state for soups, stews or baking. Oscar H. Will carried the Arikara bean in his catalogue in the early 1900s. Productive, very early and an excellent baker. Days to Maturity: 80-85 days for dry beans.
S101 - Arikara Yellow Beans, 50 seeds... $ 3.00
Arikara Yellow Heirloom Beans

Cherokee Trail of Tears
Originally grown by the Cherokee Indians, this pole bean was carried over the "Trail of Tears" (see the movie) from October 1838 in the Smoky Mountains to March 26 1839 in Oklahoma; over 4000 Cherokee Indians died in this forced winter march. The pods are green with a purplish blush and the seeds are shiny and black. Good for snap or dry beans. Days to Maturity: 80 days for snaps.
S102 - Cherokee Trail of Tears Beans, 25 seeds... $ 3.00
Cherokee Trail of Tears Beans

Early Mowhawk
EXTREMELY RARE! According to Fearing Burr, 1865, The Early Mohawk Bush Beans is quite productive, and one of the hardiest of the Dwarf varieties. It is well adapted for early planting, and is extensively grown by market gardeners as an early string bean. "The Early Mohawk Bean" was originally grown by the Iroquois and quickly became a popular bean among the white people. It was very popular in early seed catalogues and was listed in the Canadian Ag Warehouse in 1878 as being a Hardy variety and good quality. Days to Maturity: 90 days for dry beans
S103 - Early Mowhawk Beans, 25 seeds... $ 3.95
Early Mowhawk Heirloom Beans

Algonquin Fisher
EXTREMELY RARE! Originated with the Algonquin Indians. This bush bean was preserved by the Fisher family for many years and is an excellent bean for baking or soups as it holds it shape well. The light brown beans have a maroon circle around the hilum. There were many strains of this variety and the lighter yellow strains were called Canada Beans. Days to Maturity: 100 days for dry beans.
S104 - Algonquin Fisher Beans, 50 seeds... $ 3.95
Algonquin Fisher Beans

Iroquois-Flagg
EXTREMELY RARE! A rare pole bean that originated with the Iroquois Indians. Gail Flagg of Fort Kent, Maine said that this bean had been grown in Chester, Vermont for many years. An excellent bean that is one of my favorites. The seed is flat and lima bean shaped with black and white streaks, some seed has reverse markings with the occasional black seed. The dry beans also cook quickly and can be used in soup and stews. Very productive and adapted to short season climates. Days to Maturity: 90 days for dry beans.
S105- Iroquois-Flagg Beans, 25 seeds... $ 3.00
Iroquois Flagg Heirloom Bean

Hidatsa Red
Originally grown by the Hidatsa Indians of North Dakota. A very prolific bush bean that produces medium sized flat dark red seed. The plants sprawl and produce many runners. A great bean to use in chili, it has a slightly nutty flavor. Days to Maturity: 100 days for dry beans
S106 - Hidatsa Red Beans, 50 seeds... $ 3.00
Hidatsa Red Heritage Dry Bean

Hidatsa Shield Figure
Originally grown by the Hidatsa Indians of North Dakota. A beautiful pole bean that is one of my favorites. The seed is white with a large tan shield figure around the hilum. This seed is truly beautiful and good for soup or baking. Very disease resistant. Days to Maturity: 100 days for dry beans.
S107 - Hidatsa Shield Figure Beans, 25 seeds... $ 3.00
Hidatsa Dry Bean

Hopi Black
Ancient variety grown by the Hopi Indians of the Southwest for centuries. The small black beans have a matte finish and are produced in abundance. The tasty beans are excellent for refried beans, chili or soup. The compact bush-type plants are drought resistant and quite early. An excellent variety for short season areas. Low Quantity! Days to Maturity: 100 days for dry beans .
S108 - Hopi Black Beans, 50 seeds... $ 3.00
Hopi Indian Black Beans

Assiniboine Tipis
PO Box 649 Lundar, MB R0C1Y0
Phone: (204) 762-6133
Canada
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